Activity 6: Maintain or enhance resilience of natural systems
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Below are the global and regional obligations in this activity:
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Component 1: Maintain resilience of natural systems in general
Directly relevant obligations and commitments
- Take measures to manage ecosystems to maintain their resilience to extreme climatic events and to help mitigate and adapt to climate change: CBD Decision VII/15, 12
- Reduce non-climatic stress factors on World Heritage sites to enhance resilience to climate change impacts: World Heritage Decision 30 COM 7.1, 8 and WHC-06/30.COM/7.1 (Strategy to assist States Parties to implement appropriate management responses) SEE COMMENTARY 18
- By 2008, core areas of the Pan-European Ecological Network conserved and the Pan European Ecological Network guiding all major land use and planning policies and operations of relevant economic and financial sectors: Kiev Resolution no. 5
- By 2008, financial subsidy and incentive schemes for agriculture in the pan European region will consider the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity: Kiev Resolution no. 3
Indirectly relevant obligations and commitments
- Take the appropriate legal, scientific, technical, administrative and financial measures necessary for the protection, conservation and rehabilitation of natural heritage properties: WHC Article 5(d)
- Ensure that the outstanding universal value, the conditions of integrity and/or authenticity of World Heritage properties are maintained or enhanced in the future: WHC Operational Guidelines II.F, 96 SEE COMMENTARY 1
Component 2: Enhance resilience of marine and coastal zones
Directly relevant obligations and commitments
- Develop and elaborate appropriate and integrated plans for coastal zone management: UNFCCC Article 4.1(e) and KP Article 11.2
- Take measures to manage coastal and marine ecosystems, including mangroves, seagrass beds and coral reefs to maintain their resilience to extreme climatic events: CBD Decision VII/5, 8
- Maximize the effectiveness of marine and coastal protected areas and networks in achieving their biodiversity objectives by urgently addressing all threats to them: CBD Decision VII/5, 8
- Identify, test and refine management regimes to enhance reef resilience to and recover from raised sea temperatures and/or coral bleaching: CBD Decision VII/5, 4 and CBD Decision VII/5, Annex I (elaborated programme of work on marine and coastal biological diversity) SEE COMMENTARY 2
Component 3: Enhance resilience of water resources and agriculture
Directly relevant obligations and commitments
- Develop and elaborate appropriate and integrated plans for water resources and agriculture: UNFCCC Article 4.1(e) and KP Article 11.2
- Carry out a series of case studies to identify key goods and services provided by agricultural biodiversity: CBD Decision V/5, 3 and CBD Decision V/5, Annex (programme of work on agricultural biodiversity) SEE COMMENTARY 3
Component 4: Enhance resilience of areas affected by drought, desertification and floods
Directly relevant obligations and commitments
- Develop and elaborate appropriate and integrated plans for protection and rehabilitation of areas, particularly in Africa, affected by drought and desertification, as well as floods: UNFCCC Article 4.1(e) and KP Article 11.2
- Integrate sustainable land management issues within the UNFCCC national adaptation programmes of action (NAPAs): UNCCD Decision 12/COP.7, 7
Component 5: Enhance resilience of wetlands
Directly relevant obligations and commitments
- Maintain or restore wetlands and associated ecosystems to reduce their vulnerability to natural disasters: Ramsar Resolution IX.9, 12
- Develop guidance on a set of responses which can be initiated immediately following the onset of natural disaster affecting wetlands: Ramsar Resolution IX.9, 22 SEE COMMENTARY 4
- Plan the management of mangrove ecosystems, including required adaptation measures, to ensure that they respond to impacts caused by climate change and sea-level rise: Ramsar Resolution VIII.32, 20
- Manage wetlands to increase their resilience to climate change and extreme climatic events and to reduce the risk of flooding and drought in vulnerable countries: Ramsar Resolution VIII.3, 14 SEE COMMENTARY 5
- Integrate fully the “Principles and guidelines for wetland restoration” into National Wetland Policies and Plans: Ramsar Resolution VIII.16, 11 and 12
- Seek to have wetlands which are of special significance for reasons of coastal protection: Ramsar Resolution VIII.25, 7 and Ramsar Resolution VIII.25, Annex (Ramsar Strategic Plan 2003-2008) SEE COMMENTARY 6
Component 6: Enhance resilience of mountain ecosystems
Directly relevant obligations and commitments
- Develop and implement programmes to protect natural dynamic processes and maintain biological diversity: CBD Decision VII/27, 1 and CBD Decision VII/27, Annex (programme of work on mountain biodiversity) SEE COMMENTARY 7
Indirectly relevant obligations and commitments
- Support proactive planning and adaptive measures to reduce the vulnerability to hazards impacting on mountain biological diversity, cultural landscapes and local communities: CBD Decision VII/27, 1 and CBD Decision VII/27, Annex (programme of work on mountain biodiversity) SEE COMMENTARY 8
Component 7: Enhance adaptive capacity of migratory species
Directly relevant obligations and commitments
- Maintain a network of suitable habitats appropriately disposed in relation to the migration routes of migratory species in CMS agreements: CMS Article 5(f)
- Produce guidance to help CMS Parties introduce adaptation measures to help counteract the effects of climate change on migratory species: CMS Resolution 8.13, 2 SEE COMMENTARY 9
- Implement adaptation measures that would help reduce the foreseeable adverse effects of climate change on Appendix 1 species: CMS Resolution 8.13, 3 SEE COMMENTARY 10
- Ensure that migratory species are integrated into National Biodiversity Plans of Action (NBSAPs) as well as to other activities to implement the CBD Programmes of Work: CMS Resolution 8.18, 1
- Review the extent to which CMS and CMS cetacean-related Agreements are addressing climate change through their abatement activities: CMS Resolution 8.22, 3(b) SEE COMMENTARY 11
Component 8: Enhance resilience of forest ecosystems
Directly relevant obligations and commitments
- Promote the maintenance and restoration of biodiversity in forests to enhance their capacity to resist to, and recover from and adapt to climate change: CBD Decision VI/22, 10 and CBD Decision VI/22, Annex (expanded programme of work on forest biological diversity) SEE COMMENTARY 12
- Adopt common policies for and exchange of Information on the development, conservation and management of forests resources: MOU of CEM Article 9 a SEE COMMENTARY 17
Indirectly relevant obligations and commitments
- Develop coordinated response strategies and action plans at global, regional and national levels: CBD Decision VI/22, 10 and CBD Decision VI/22, Annex (expanded programme of work on forest biological diversity) SEE COMMENTARY 13
Component 9: enhance resilience of protected areas
Directly relevant obligations and commitments
- Create where feasible viable national systems of protected areas that are resilient to climate change: CBD Decision VIII/1, 3 and CBD Decision VIII/1, Annex SEE COMMENTARY 14
Component 10: enhance resilience of dry and sub-humid lands
Directly relevant obligations and commitments
- Maintain and enhance resilience of the components of biodiversity to adapt to climate change in dry and sub-humid lands: CBD Decision VIII/2, 3 and CBD Decision VIII/2, Annex SEE COMMENTARY 15
- Maintain and improve capacity of dry and sub-humid lands ecosystems to deliver goods and services: CBD Decision VIII/2, 3 and CBD Decision VIII/2, Annex SEE COMMENTARY 16
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